View Reference

［基本用法］

1） vt. (of a situation or action) to have as the people or things taking part. （情况、行动）牵涉;涉及

e. g. The accident involved a bus and a truck.

It was a big police operation involving over a hundred officers.

2） vt. to cause (someone or oneself) to become connected or concerned.（使别人或者自己）卷入；使介入

e. g. The goal is to involve workers in the decision-making process.

It's best not to involve yourself in other people's private affairs.

3） vt. to have as a necessary part or result; entail. 包含；需要；使成为必要部分（必然结果）

e. g. Most research and development projects involve some elements of risk.

involve + doing:

e. g. The job involves traveling abroad for three months each year.

［相关词］

involved adj. complicated and difficult to understand.复杂难懂的

e. g. She gave a long involved explanation that no one could follow.

常与involved连用的副词： actively, closely, directly, heavily.

involvement n. 卷入；涉入

e. g. The police are investigating his possible involvement in the crime.

The problem requires the active involvement of the local government.

常与involvement连用的动词: encourage, require, support, welcome.

［相关搭配］

be / become / get involved: 牵涉进

e. g. If I were you I wouldn't get involved in their problems.

He denied that he was involved with organized crime.
 

 ［基本用法］

1） adj. satisfied; happy; not wanting more than one has.满足的；满意的；知足的

① content + with

e. g. He is content with his present life.

② content + to do

e. g. John seems content to sit in front of the television all night.

2） vt. to make happy or satisfied.使满意；使满足

e. g. I was no longer satisfied with the life that had once contented me.

content yourself with sth.:

e. g. Firms in the industry realize they may have to content themselves with lower sales than before.

3） n. the subject matter.内容

e. g. I like the style of his writing but I don't like the content.

contents

① the things that are in a box, bag, room, etc.所含之物

e. g. The jewelry box and its contents are priceless.

② a table of contents (=a list at the beginning of a document that shows the different parts into which it is divided).目录

e. g. He cast his eyes down the contents page.

［相关词］

contented adj. satisfied; quietly happy. 满意的；满足的；知足的

e. g. a contented smile

discontent n. the state of not being satisfied. 不满足；不满意

contentment n. 满意；满足

e. g. the contentment of a well-fed baby

［相关搭配］

to one's heart's content: 痛痛快快地；尽情地

e. g. It's weekend, so you can sleep to your heart's content.

in contentment: 满意；满足

e. g. The cat purred in obvious contentment.
 

［基本用法］

1）v. (on, upon, against) to move forward in position, development, etc.前进；推进；进展

e. g. Our understanding of human genetics has advanced considerably.

2） vt. to help, improve, or bring advantage to (a process, development, etc.). 推进，促进（进程、发展等）

e. g. His provocative comments will do nothing to advance the cause of world peace.

3） vt. to put forward.提出

e. g. The report advances the suggestion that safety standards should be improved.

4） vt. to bring forward to an earlier date or time.把……提前

e. g. They decided to advance the date of the meeting from Wednesday to Monday.

5） n. forward movement.前进；进展

e. g. The army's advance was halted by shortages of food.

There have been great advances in medicine in the last 50 years.

6） adj. 提前的；预先的

e. g. It's a popular show, so advance booking is essential.

［相关词］

advanced adj. 高级的；先进的

e. g. advanced studies

advanced leaner of English

the advanced industrial nations of the world

advancement n. improvement, development, or movement to a higher rank.晋升；改进；进步

［相关搭配］

in advance: 预先；提前

e. g. We had to pay the rent two weeks in advance.

in advance of: 在……前面；超过

e. g. A small force was sent on in advance of the major army.
 

［基本用法］

1） vt. （to, with） to be the cause of.造成；引起

e. g. His sudden resignation presents us with a tricky situation.

Heavy rains have presented new difficulties for relief workers.

2） vt. （to, with） to give (something) away, esp. at a ceremonial occasion.颁发；授予；赠送

e. g. When Mr. Brown left the firm, the director presented a gold watch to him （him with a gold watch）.

3） vt. （to） to offer for consideration or acceptance. 提出（供考虑或通过）；呈递

e. g. When are the committee presenting their report?

The document will be presented to the district government this week.

4） adj. in this / that place; here / there. 出席的；到场的；存在的

e. g. How many people were present at the meeting?

5） adj. existing or being considered now. 现存的；目前的；现在的

e. g. What's your present address?

［相关词］

presentable: adj. suitable to be shown, heard, etc. in public; fit to be seen or judged. 拿得出来的；经得起鉴定的；中看的；中听的

e. g. He looked very presentable in his new suit.

I'm just going upstairs to make myself presentable before the guests arrive.

presently: adv. in a short time; soon. 马上；一会儿

e. g. The doctor will be here presently.

presentation: n. a talk, usu. to a group of people, in which information is given. 报告；讲座

e. g. The sales director will give a short presentation on the new sales campaign.

［相关搭配］

present oneself: 出席；到场

e. g. He was ordered to present himself at the chairman's office at nine o'clock next morning.

for the present: 暂时；暂且

e. g. Let's leave things as they are for the present; we can always make changes later on if we have to.

at present: 现在；目前

［基本用法］

1） n. the ability to make decisions and take action without asking for the help or advice of others.主动性

e. g. I wish my son should show a bit more initiative.

Don't keep asking me for advice; use your own initiative.

2） n. the first movement or action which starts something happening.创始；发端；带头

e. g. The government is making some fresh initiatives to try to solve the dispute.

3） n. the position of being able to take action or influence events.（与the连用）主动权

e. g. Because of a stupid mistake, we lost the initiative in the negotiation; the other side has the initiative now.

［相关词］

initiate: v. to be responsible for starting. 创始；发起；开始实施

e. g. The government has initiated a massive new house-building program.

［相关搭配］

on one's own initiative: 主动地；自主地

e. g. Greyhound banned smoking on buses on its own initiative (=without being told to do it) before it became law.

take the initiative (in): 主动 / 带头做某事

e. g. He took the initiative in organizing a party after his brother's wedding.